President Barak Obama - 1298 Words

In November 2008, Democratic Presidential Candidate Barak Obama became the first African-American President to the United States. He had coined the word â€Å"change† to his first campaign, insuring Americans that if he were elected there would be â€Å"change†. Through two-terms the Obama Administration has demonstrated the most controversial change of all, the passage of the Affordable Care Act, a health reform law enacted in March of 2010. With many flaws evident in the roll out of the Affordable Care Act, we can now question should the President and Congress repeal it and start over from scratch, as many GOP members and critics have suggested; or should all parties attempt to fix the evident flaws through bi-partisan negotiation and action Many Americans are uncertain about what exactly the Affordable Care Act is. The Affordable Care Act is the nation’s latest health care reform law. It was enacted in March of 2010. It is composed of two pieces of legislation. The first piece of legislation is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care act; also referred to as PPACA. The second is the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act or HCERA. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act has a specific agenda and is ideally supposed to provide the following: Access to comprehensive coverage to all, prohibit restrictions due to pre-existing conditions or health status, ensure affordable coverage, and strengthen public programs. The PPACA prohibits insures from limiting eligibilityShow MoreRelatedThe Presidency Of 44th Us President Barak Obama1454 Words   |  6 PagesThe presidency of 44th US President Barak Obama has been marked with rather prominent and significant shifts in policy, reverberating throughout many areas of the country. One of the president’s most controversial proposals that has yet to be fully acted upon is providing a pathway to citizenship for undocumented immigrants currently living in the United States. Supporters of the legislation point to a variety of moral and economic reasons to justify their position while opponents retaliate withRead MoreThe Changing World. Former President Barak Obama Said ‘Denying1522 Words   |  7 PagesThe Changing World Former president Barak Obama said ‘Denying climate change is like arguing that the moon is made of cheese’ (â€Å"News†). He provides an exact opinion on Climate change that it is not a theory; it is a fact. Every year is becoming warmer than the previous one which ultimately changes our way of living. People living in coastal area are experiencing more floods than ever before and others are facing health related problems. Glaciers and snowcapped mountains are melting, which leadsRead MoreThe Life of a Leader, Barack Obama Essay919 Words   |  4 Pagesis educated and embodies the ability to assess the other groups skills and talents in order to utilize them to accomplish a goal. Barack Obama was the first black senator for the state of Illinois. Barak was also the first black United States President. Barak made a healthcare program that has been modified to include more people it is called Obamacare. Obama is a good leader because he is persuasive and a diligen t worker. As a leader he does many things which include visiting foreign countriesRead MoreWhy Female Can Not Be President Of Theu.s?826 Words   |  4 PagesTitleThesis : There is no reason why female cannot be president of the U.S anymore. Have you ever thought a female can be president of the U.S? If you think the female can t be president of the U.S, which stereotypes or thoughts make you think about that? The answer is maybe a barrier. The barrier can be a wall which the female has or is a fixed idea to exist in the U.S. The world is changing constantly and the barrier about female is also changing in the U.S. For many years, the AmericansRead MoreThe Inequality Of The United States1539 Words   |  7 Pagesfinancial aid by the government does help the middle class students to acquire good quality education, but this is not enough as the wealthy can get what they want even if they possess lesser prospects. According to the presidential address by President Obama, the founders of the great nation rejoiced on the fact that America will be a country where hard work will be paid off and where responsibility will be rewarded. America will be a country where anyone can make it if they tried no matter what background;Read MoreSpeech, Speaking, And Listening1198 Words   |  5 Pagesartists are encouraged to use many. It is important for politicians to maintain one voice. Zadie Smith proves this is important in her lecture â€Å"Speaking in Tongues†. She talks about the President, Barak Obama, and how a difference in his voice could raise questions of concern. In one speech, Zadie praises Obama. â€Å"†¦and it can be argued that he succeeded because he so rarely misspoke, carefully tailoring his intonations to suit the sensibility of his listeners.† From this quote it is clear that ZadieRead MoreEssay On How To Change A President811 Words   |  4 Pageshow long a president is able to be in office. The 22nd amendment states that no president should be president for longer than two terms, which allows them to be a United States president for eight years. I would change this and make it where a president could be president for however long the American people reelect them in. I feel that if a president could serve with no restrictions, the president would be able to carry out m ore of the changes they promised Americans, the president will be ableRead MoreNegritude Positive?1108 Words   |  5 Pagesstated Barak Obama, the first black American president. Therefore it’s not our racial identity holding us back, it’s us holding ourselves back! I somewhat agree and disagree with the argument made by the opposition. I agree that we shouldn’t blame racial identification for holding us back, but blame ourselves for not being determined and hard working. I disagree with the opposition stating that equality between the races will never happen. They once said a black man would never be president, lookRead MorePopulation Of The United States946 Words   |  4 Pagesthree institutions; Legislature, Judiciary, and the President. Each institution plays different roles in the political regime of the US. The Judiciary institution that is led by the US Supreme Court has the ability to interpret the Constitution. The Presidency which is comprised of the US President is known as the Head of State, the Head of Government, and Commander in Chief of the US military. The Presidential term is four years and a president can serve a max of two terms. In 2008, The United StatesRead MoreLeadership As A Charismatic Leader1541 Words   |  7 Pagesoffice of the President of the United States and renowned Civil Rights Leaders. The Christian Worldview is shared that good leadership is defined one’s relationship with God and how we treat one another. It provides information about biblical leadership such as David, Jesus, and Paul whose leadership approach is charismatic and remains effective today in many churches. It further talks about the charismatic approaches of men like Martin Luther King Jr. and John F. Kennedy, Barak Obama who swept the

Containerization Cargo and Traditional Bulk Transport Free Essays

What is containerization and how did the innovative use of containers transform the distribution of goods? The traditional way of transporting goods from one place to another was highly labor intensive and goods were in individual crates of different sizes and shapes and they had to be manually lifted and stowed in the holds of ships. As the time passed by, the concept of containerization emerged. Basically, Containerization is an inter-modal system of transporting the general cargo or product in lots which are too small for the traditional bulk transport system, using ISO standard containers that can be loaded and sealed intact onto  container ships,  railroad cars, planes, and trucks. We will write a custom essay sample on Containerization: Cargo and Traditional Bulk Transport or any similar topic only for you Order Now The concept of containerization is considered as the key innovation in the field of logistics which has revolutionized freight handling in the twentieth century. Containerization reduces time in transit, the inventory costs and increases reliability. Such benefits are forcing the industry to make it more favorable in terms of cost, flexibility and speed. As the Internet and other new technologies and advancements are developing, it is expected to bring more innovations which will further simplify the tasks of logistics. The innovative use of containerization has transformed the distribution of goods in following ways: * Goods in lots which are too small for the traditional bulk transport can be moved using containers * It is best option for high-value and delicate cargo as it provides safety from human and natural factors * As containers are moved intact, substantial amount of time and labor cost is saved which would otherwise have incurred in loading and unloading goods * It prevents poor handling of goods that results from bulk transport systems * Containers can act as mode of storage anywhere along the transport route * Container ships provide regular service to overseas ports, thus it minimizes the waiting time * It reduces the transit time which not only offers a means of marketing for the producer that bulk systems cannot provide, but also helps to reduce the inventory costs and increases reliability. 2. What role has containerization played in the development of a global economic system? As c ontainerization is the new way of transportation model, it’s definitely is more advanced and optimum way of shipping the goods from one place to the other. Container shipping eventually replaced the traditional â€Å"break-bulk† method of handling crates, barrels and bags, and stowing them loose in a ship’s hold, a system in use since the days of the Phoenicians. The replacement of break-bulk with cargo containers dramatically reduced shipping costs, reinvigorating markets and fueling the world economy. Due to cheap transportation cost, the countries could engage themselves in a fierce export drive exploiting the technological advancements and lower labor costs which are the major basis for the industrialization. In addition to that, cheap transportation also helped in revolutionizing the supply chain management of the business houses. There had been some major developments like South Korea developed a very strong ship building industry centered on the new ships made possible in the development and introduction of containerization. And also, the major and biggest container ports in the world are located in Southeast Asia. Thus, the credit for the development of such ports in these areas goes to the containerization. Without which, these areas wouldn’t have been developed like they are today. Containerization makes the loading and unloading of goods from the ships to the ports easy and consumes extremely less time in comparison to that of tradition way of transportation. These are some of the major roles that containerization played in the development of the global economic system. How to cite Containerization: Cargo and Traditional Bulk Transport, Papers

Containerization Cargo and Traditional Bulk Transport Free Essays

What is containerization and how did the innovative use of containers transform the distribution of goods? The traditional way of transporting goods from one place to another was highly labor intensive and goods were in individual crates of different sizes and shapes and they had to be manually lifted and stowed in the holds of ships. As the time passed by, the concept of containerization emerged. Basically, Containerization is an inter-modal system of transporting the general cargo or product in lots which are too small for the traditional bulk transport system, using ISO standard containers that can be loaded and sealed intact onto  container ships,  railroad cars, planes, and trucks. We will write a custom essay sample on Containerization: Cargo and Traditional Bulk Transport or any similar topic only for you Order Now The concept of containerization is considered as the key innovation in the field of logistics which has revolutionized freight handling in the twentieth century. Containerization reduces time in transit, the inventory costs and increases reliability. Such benefits are forcing the industry to make it more favorable in terms of cost, flexibility and speed. As the Internet and other new technologies and advancements are developing, it is expected to bring more innovations which will further simplify the tasks of logistics. The innovative use of containerization has transformed the distribution of goods in following ways: * Goods in lots which are too small for the traditional bulk transport can be moved using containers * It is best option for high-value and delicate cargo as it provides safety from human and natural factors * As containers are moved intact, substantial amount of time and labor cost is saved which would otherwise have incurred in loading and unloading goods * It prevents poor handling of goods that results from bulk transport systems * Containers can act as mode of storage anywhere along the transport route * Container ships provide regular service to overseas ports, thus it minimizes the waiting time * It reduces the transit time which not only offers a means of marketing for the producer that bulk systems cannot provide, but also helps to reduce the inventory costs and increases reliability. 2. What role has containerization played in the development of a global economic system? As c ontainerization is the new way of transportation model, it’s definitely is more advanced and optimum way of shipping the goods from one place to the other. Container shipping eventually replaced the traditional â€Å"break-bulk† method of handling crates, barrels and bags, and stowing them loose in a ship’s hold, a system in use since the days of the Phoenicians. The replacement of break-bulk with cargo containers dramatically reduced shipping costs, reinvigorating markets and fueling the world economy. Due to cheap transportation cost, the countries could engage themselves in a fierce export drive exploiting the technological advancements and lower labor costs which are the major basis for the industrialization. In addition to that, cheap transportation also helped in revolutionizing the supply chain management of the business houses. There had been some major developments like South Korea developed a very strong ship building industry centered on the new ships made possible in the development and introduction of containerization. And also, the major and biggest container ports in the world are located in Southeast Asia. Thus, the credit for the development of such ports in these areas goes to the containerization. Without which, these areas wouldn’t have been developed like they are today. Containerization makes the loading and unloading of goods from the ships to the ports easy and consumes extremely less time in comparison to that of tradition way of transportation. These are some of the major roles that containerization played in the development of the global economic system. How to cite Containerization: Cargo and Traditional Bulk Transport, Papers

Desplomarse free essay sample

I hold little more sacred than words. They are the blood of my life; yet I did not fall in love with them because â€Å"they mean something.† It is their vitality which seduced me. The way â€Å"correr† and â€Å"joy† use the tongue as a ski jump. It is their history and formation of syllables. How the word â€Å"aphrodisiac† wouldn’t be here if not for that goddess born of sea-foam. My favorite word, desplomarse, is Spanish for my least favorite meaning, â€Å"to collapse.† But taken literally, much of the word’s art will be lost; the history condensed to four syllables. Desplomarse was born from Latin explorers who first named lead â€Å"plumbum† and in its journey towards meaning, ventured into the Mediterranean. Sailors, amidst the spraying surf, would tie lead to a line and let it plummet straight through the water; the antiquated manner for measuring depth. Decades passed and over in the land of the English, the word â€Å"plumb† became a technical term for engineers to describe a straight line. We will write a custom essay sample on Desplomarse or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Then these fermenting syllables returned to Europe, to Spain, and with the negative prefix, â€Å"des,† and the reflexive suffix â€Å"se,† the word meaning to â€Å"un-straighten oneself,† reached adulthood. Now the point of this mini-etymology lesson? Desplomarse only exists because of the English and Latin languages. It serves as a blatant testimony of how languages are not separate entities. Although I love the word’s sound and its history, most of all, I love how it suggests maybe the Tower of Babble never existed. Maybe a monolingual tongue is all there is just with a more expansive vocabulary.

Project Management for Personal Learning Portfolio- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theProject Management for Personal Learning Portfolio. Answer: Mike Fritz, the director of program/project management at Megatronic has adopted a different approach in defining the concepts of programs and projects for the organization. The approach is totally different from the conventional approach that is used for defining the two concepts. The approach adopted by Mike is good to a great extent. He has simply categorized the programs and projects on the basis of their contribution to the companys business. According to Mike, any activity that is targeted towards the production of the new product in the market is to be treated as a program, whereas any activity other than the program, that is, which does not lead to the production of new products is to be categorized under project head. This is a simple and effective definition of the concepts provided by Mike. It becomes easier for the company's employees to quickly determine whether an activity is a program or project. The concept of bounding box to explain the elements of the program is yet again an effective tool to make the program and project managers understand the significance of association of stakeholders and sponsors in a program (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). However, for any person who has worked somewhere else and where the conventional definition of project and program was used, it might be difficult for him to grasp the new definitions. It might be confusing for him due to his earlier understanding and way of doing work in the project and program management department. The current approach adopted by the company in explaining and differentiating between projects and programs is quite effective. It has clearly laid out the differences in terms of importance, their definition, the elements that are to be considered, alignment with the strategy, the significance of milestones, and other factors (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). The director of program/project management has even explained different aspects of projects and programs by giving examples to new project manager. It has even differentiated the terms on the basis of the autonomy that is being provided to the project managers and program managers. The project managers are simply to get the required outcomes for a project within the time, cost and performance constraints. This is due to the fact that it is a part of the cost center and would not directly contribute to generating revenues for the company. However, the expectations from a program manager are higher, the program is expected to be completed considering the elements specified in the bounding box, the company can afford to sacrifice the scope and cost of the project, but not these elements. The nature of the success accomplished on the completion of programs and projects have also been effectively explained in the differentiation. The success of programs is considered to be important as it is actually a business success which is likely to bring more revenues for the company. This also gives it a priority in getting the resources and budgets allocation (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). Moreover, many of the basis of differences is similar to the conventional point of differences, making this approach more agreeable. The approach adopted by the company for differentiation is wholesome and does not require any changes at least in the case of Megatronics. Portfolio Entry 2 Program Initiation James should select Early Birds, Ltd offer for installing the fire extinguishing systems. There are four concerns that James has to consider while placing the order, namely- total cost of an extinguisher, including installation cost, purchase cost, and maintenance cost, the safety features, ease of use, and ease of maintenance. The costing for the offer made by each company has been computed below: Particulars Fire Extinguisher Early Birds, Ltd. Xtra Care, Ltd Zebra Limited Pieces to be ordered (Total area/Spraying area) 200 80 100 40 A. Total Purchase cost 17,000 13,600 11,500 97,200 B. Total Installation cost 0 0 400 0 C. Total Maintenance Cost (Number of Pieces*per unit cost) 600 550 300 0 Total (A+B+C) 17,600 14,150 12,200 97,200 From the computation made above, it is apparent that the offer made by Xtra Care, Ltd is the optimal solution for the company, Mega security, followed by Early Birds, Ltd, Fire Extinguisher, and Zebra Limited. However, the project manager is required to consider the other factors also which includes the safety features, convenience to use, and maintenance. The safety features of the solutions offered are not provided for which it is assumed that all the fire extinguishing systems are safe while using the new premises. It is observed that the system by Xtra Care, Ltd is very difficult to use which rules out the option even if its costing is the lowest. Fire Extinguishers provides an easy option of using its system but with a higher total cost in comparison to Early Birds, Ltd (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). In the context of maintenance cost, even though the cost would be a slightly higher in the upcoming years (605) for Early Birds, Ltd, the offer made by the company should be selected as the total cost is low, the system has a moderate degree of ease to use, and is safe for the installation. James can further negotiate the costs as Mega Security already has business relations with Early Birds, Ltd. Moreover, it would be delivered and installed with 30 days as a delivery lead time. Therefore, considering all the factors, it is suggested that James should opt for the offer made by Early Birds, Ltd. From a program perspective, this issue of selecting the best offer of fire extinguishing systems for Mega Security is likely to have a long-term impact on the entire organization (Springer, 2016). The primary base for taking this decision is to cater to the needs of all the departments in the company and ensure that the investment made by the company in the systems is profitable. It is advised that while taking any decision where different options are available, the managers are required to consider the major factors that can be the deal breakers. The managers need to prioritize the factors, on the basis of which the decisions are to be taken. The managers should make a log where all the considerations, alternative solutions, their costing and other essential factors should be recorded (Verzuh, 2015). This would help the management in making a comparison as to which alternative is serving the maximum considerations and would be most profitable for the company. Portfolio Entry 3 Program Stakeholder Engagement The case deals with the decision regarding the adoption of new TKS program for General Public Hospital (GPH). The company has to adopt new TKS program as the existing vendor for TKS sold his business to someone else. A new proposal has been presented by Julia Skown and her team which provides an estimated cost of the program as one million dollars and an estimated schedule of eighteen months (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). However, with further research, her team came with an additional feature of new transaction inquiry feature. Incorporating the new feature is likely to further increase the cost of the project by $100,000 and delay in the installation of the TKS program by two months. The core values of the company revolve around providing quality products and services to its customers and focusing on the customers. It is advised that the executive team of the company should take the decision of implementing the new TKS program incorporating the new feature. Even though, the new feature would add to the cost and schedule of the program, but it would ensure more accuracy and better quality to the different customers (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). Adoption of this advanced and improved TKS program would also bring other benefits for the company. This program is one of the advanced programs that the company would employ if decided. The new program with the transaction inquiry feature would have an advantage over the previously implemented TSK programs in terms of scheduling capability, reporting capability, robustness and various other additional features. From the viewpoint of the cost involved, as the program is a new generation product, it is likely to increase the efficiencies, which in turn, would decrease the part-time employees. It would be a user-friendly interface, which the customers can easily access (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). Although it would be difficult for the management of the company to announce the decision of implementing the new program and convincing the customers for the delay in schedule, it is likely that the benefits that the customer would get with the usage of TSK program would outweigh the issues and resistance on the part of customers. It is, therefore, recommended that the executive team should take the decision for adopting the new feature in the TSK program and implement it in the organization. Portfolio Entry 4 Program Governance The concept of program strike zone relates to the implementation of a tool that is used by the managers in determining the progress of a program towards the accomplishment of expected results. This is done by identifying the key factors that are essential for the success of a program (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). In terms of benefits, the program strike zone serves as an effective management and communication tool that enables the project managers to keep the project aligned with the projects goals and objectives throughout its lifecycle. It ensures that there is a proper and relevant flow of information between the executive management and the project team so that there is no surprise behavior and the contingencies are minimized (Milosevic, Martinelli Waddell, 2009). With the proper flow of information, the results indicate that the barriers and critical issues which may cause a delay in resolution and decision-making are eliminated. A program manager can identify at any point whether a program is aligned to the overall goals and objectives or not, if any misalignment is found, the manager can stop a program. Adopting the program strike zone brings a lot of advantages for the program managers and the organization for which it is implemented. The program strike zone makes use of the graphs and basic factors for indicating the progress of a program. It holds a high visual appeal and is simple in use, thereby making it user-friendly. It is flexible in terms of usage and is therefore considered as an effective control and management tool by both the program managers and senior managers (Milosevic, Martinelli Waddell, 2009). It is useful in bridging the gaps and differences that may arise in the program planning, strategic planning efforts and its execution within an organizational setting. It helps the program and senior managers to focus only on the key factors that are essential and would result in the success of the program. One of the most important advantages of program strike zone is that it allows an autonomy to the project team, especially the program managers to get the desired results. So far the results are achieved, the senior managers do not interfere with the working and management of the project; only the issues which are significant or are beyond the control of the team are brought to the notice of the senior management. It helps in setting the boundaries within which the team would work without the involvement of senior management (Milosevic, Martinelli Waddell, 2009). However, there are certain disadvantages of this program also. For example- non-involvement of the senior managers can make the project team lose their focus on the project. There are chances that if the project manager is not capable and competent, it would be a wastage of the organizational resources and efforts. Moreover, if the program strike zone includes too many critical factors that define success, it is likely that it loses its simplicity. From the perspective of program governance, the senior management may face challenges while implementing the program strike zone. Firstly, it is necessary that the boundaries and structure set by the program strike management meet with the processes and practices of the business. However, these processes are dynamic and require a constant change which makes it difficult to make changes in the program strike zone. Secondly, one of the major components of program governance is people who take up different roles in a program (Hanford, 2005). If such people are not skilled or competent, the zone system would not work. Program Theory In the practical scenario, even if it is difficult to clearly differentiate between programs and projects, the program management is considered to be a larger and scaled up form of project management. The programs are considered to cover those elements which are beyond the scope of individual projects consisted in a program. The statement mentioned above can be held true to a great extent. Program management is a wider concept in comparison to the project management. It includes management of a series of projects that are undertaken in an organization with a certain set of objectives that vary in the scope and scale (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). It is basically management and control of a portfolio of multiple projects. It has a greater span in the project lifecycle, that is, it is an ongoing process that takes place in an organization. Usually, the project management has a shorter duration in comparison to the programs; each project is likely to have a fixed deadline by which it is deemed to be completed, which is not in the case of programs (Levin Ward, 2016). The program management requires strategic planning on the behalf of the senior managers and the project managers for setting the objectives and the course for achieving such objectives. Under the project management, the results of programs are linked to the organizations financial calendar. For example- the results of the programs are to be disclosed in the quarterly performances of the company. The projects are for a shorter duration and results of a single project are not likely to have an impact on the overall financial performance of the company. However, if these projects are combined in form of programs, it becomes significant for the organizations financial performance. Program management is a scaled up version of the project management and is governance intensive. As the results of programs are likely to impact the long-term financial performance of the company, they are usually governed by the senior management (Martinelli, Waddell Rahschulte, 2014). The senior managers are responsible for providing direction, objectives, overseeing the performance, and controlling the programs, which may not have been possible if individual projects were considered. The program managers ensure that the objectives framed by the senior board are achievable and any disputes occurring during the course of different programs are resolved. It allows the projects to be more governance intensive by being a part of the program management. As a program is a portfolio of different projects, its management, control, and budgeting become complex processes. The project management is concerned with revenues and costs which are crucial for the financial results of a company, making its management a difficult task (Sanghera, 2008). Moreover, the program management is governed and driven by the overall strategy of the company. Any changes in the market conditions, external environment, or the revision of business goals require changes to be incorporated in the program management process. Due to its large scale and wider scope, any changes that are proposed to be made requires executive leadership skills on the part of program managers as these changes would have to be made in individual projects also. Thus, it is appropriate to say that the program management is a scaled up form of the project management. References Hanford, M. (2005). Defining program governance and structure. Retrieved October 6, 2017, from https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/apr05/hanford/ Levin, G., Ward, J. L. (2016). Program Management Complexity: A Competency Model. Boca Raton: CRC Press. Martinelli, R. J., Waddell, J. M., Rahschulte, T. J. (2014). Program Management for Improved Business Results. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Milosevic, D. Z., Martinelli, R. J., Waddell, J. M. (2009). Program Management for Improved Business Results. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Milosevic, D., Patanakul, P., Srivannaboon, S. (2010). Case studies in project, program, and organizational project management. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Sanghera, P. (2008). Fundamentals of Effective Program Management: A Process Approach Based on the Global Standard. New York: J. Ross Publishing. Springer, M. L. (2016). Project and Program Management: A Competency-Based Approach, Third Edition. West Lafayette: Purdue University Press. Verzuh, E. (2015). The Fast Forward MBA in Project Management. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons.

The Right to Die, and Doctor-Assisted Suicide free essay sample

The Mission of Late Dr. Jack Kevorkian Imagine a patient in a hospital suffering from the AIDS disease. And since his diagnosis he has suffered from two bouts of pneumonia, chronic, severe sinus and skin infections, severe seizures, and extreme fatigue. Seventy percent of his vision is already lost, and the disease has gone terminal. He has requested that his doctor prescribe him medicine that would kill him thus ending his suffering. This is exactly what Dr. Jack Kevorkian has been fighting for his entire life. To shed positive light upon the controversial subject of Physician-Assisted Suicide. A little back story on Dr. Jack Kevorkian. Kevorkian was the son of Armenian refugees who came to America to escape the Turkish genocide. His early talents ranged from hand-made woodwork, linguistics, to science experiments conducted in his basement. He then became a pathologist, devoting his life to the unusual task of showing the positives and social benefits from death. We will write a custom essay sample on The Right to Die, and Doctor-Assisted Suicide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He did not just take on the medical establishment and the law; throughout his life he dared to challenge a taboo as old as human civilization – the taboo against death† (Nicol, Wylie 2) Kevorkian was very outspoken and intensely committed to the causes that he believed in. He also lacked the ability to lie, so much, that its said that whenever he played poker with his friends, that he never bluffed, and if he bet everyone else folded. Kevorkian built a machine where patients, through self implanted pumps, have the ability to self-control the does of pain medication that they receive. And now the amount of doctors who quietly comply with a patients request for a lethal does of medication is slowly rising up. Kevorkian made headlines by evading countless prosecutions, but then a case came up that no one could ignore, a case where a man so deteriorated due to his illness, that he could not operate the machine properly requiring Kevorkian to personally inject the lethal dose of medication himself. This mans name is Tom Youk and his case made the biggest impact on Kevorkians life. Youk was diagnosed with ALS, a neuromuscular disorder caused by the death of the motor nerve cells that control voluntary muscle movement. Youks condition got worse and worse, making him unable to move his arms and legs, extreme difficulty in speaking, and having no control of his jaw and tongue causing Youk to choke on his own spit. Every doctor he would visit would just prescribe him a different ineffective pain medication that would do no benefit to his condition. Youk had asked several doctors to help him commit suicide but each one would not help him with his request. Then his family contacted Kevorkian, and after very careful research on Youks medical records, Kevorkian obliged to go through with his treatment. Kevorkian would later say, He just was terrified of choking to death, and he must have felt that he was on the verge of it. And I couldnt have him suffer in that kind of frame of mind because if a man is terrified, its up to me to dispel that terror. † (Nicol, Wylie 9) Through multiple times, Kevorkian made sure that the patient had control over their death, for example, he would hook up a sedative t hat would go through a patients IV, stopping the patients heart if that patient would push a button. Youk was different, because he did not have the ability to physically activate a switch that would release a sedative that would kill him so he requested that Kevorkian would personally give the injection himself. Kevorkians thought on this was that he would make a statement to the public after assisting Youk, win the court case, and then hopefully this would relieve the fear doctors had in doing the things that he did. Kevorkian recorded the process on tape, read a consent form to Youk, and the next following day, upon Youks request, injected the lethal sedative into Youks IV. After the video being released to the public huge debates both medically and legally broke out. Three days later the state of Michigan charged Kevorkian for first-degree murder. When interviewed for ABCs 60 Minutes Kevorkian was portrayed as â€Å"Dr. Death† a man who caused another man to die and did not even seemed bother by it. After several trials, Jack Kevorkian was sentenced to 25 years in a maximum-security penitentiary. His health began to fail when in prison. He broke two ribs after falling in the recreation yard. He suffered from a double hernia, suffered from high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, arthritis, adrenal insufficiency, chronic pulmonary obstruction disease, cataracts, and Hepatitis C. He was suffering the same fate as Tom Youk only this time he had no one to relieve his suffering. By 1999 Dr. Kevorkian became the poster boy for assisted suicide. Physician-Assisted suicide was made legal in the state of Oregon, and 86 percent of the country supported physician-assisted suicide to be made legal nationwide. A lot of people do not know the difference between euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. â€Å"If a third party performs the last act that intentionally causes a patient’s death, euthanasia has occurred On the other hand, if the person who dies performs the last act, assisted suicide has taken place. † (Hamlon, Marker) There are always two sides to every argument. One who supports a cause and another that opposes the cause. A large group of people are giving their support in trying to legalize physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia nationally. Richard Ikeda, a doctor who cares for low-income elderly patients, has stated, â€Å"When cure is no longer possible, the majority of Californians, and the majority of California physicians, want dying patients to have the right to make end-of-life choices in accord with their own values and beliefs This week [October 27, 2007] completed ten years experience with Oregons death with dignity laws, and all studies show end-of-life care has improved for all Oregonians. † (31) More and more physicians are trying to legalize physician-assisted suicide nationally to benefit for their suffering patients. An example of where physician-assisted suicide would benefit a patient would be Percy Bridgman. Bridgman was a Nobel-Prize winning physicist suffering from terminal cancer at the age of seventy nine. He was wracked with pain and drained of hope that he mustered up the courage to pull the trigger of a gun ending his own life forcing others to the agony of discovering his bloody and mangled body. Another example would be James Poe, who is a sixty-nine year old man suffering from emphysema which suffocates him time to time as well as heart failure due to his pulmonary disease. He must be hooked up to an oxygen tank at all times and needs to take morphine regularly to calm his anxiety due to his suffocation. He is mentally competent and has requested to commit suicide by taking physician-prescribed pills. There are countless more cases where patients would have benefited from physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia. Thomas A. Bowden, a legal analyst at the Ayn Rand Institute, states that individuals actually have the legal right to choose death. What lawmakers must grasp is that there is no rational basis upon which the government can properly prevent any individual from choosing to end his own life. When religious conservatives enact laws to enforce the idea that their God abhors suicide, they threaten the central principle on which America was founded on† (Bowden 36) The Declaration of Independence states that each individual person exists as an end for himself. This means that no one can interfere with this persons right to live or not and that no one may obstruct this persons sense of his own happiness. If happiness were to be blocked by a dreaded disease though, and the end result is a very slow and painful death, then why try to obstruct a persons decision to end their suffering? Society should not have to give anyone the permission to end his or her life, it is their choosing, their right. So a doctor willing to assist a completely mentally sane person to end his or her own life to end at heir suffering due to an illness that is untreatable and non-curable then that doctor should also have the right to do their bidding. Religious conservatives also have no legal right to force their beliefs upon a person if that person wants to end their life to end their suffering. Speaking of religion on the issue, actual ministers and religious people have begin to find loop holes in the text and started to try and prove that physician-assisted suicide was actually very moral. Alvaro Vargas Llosa, senior and director of the Center of Global Prosperity at the Independent Institute, has stated that the religious argument against euthanasia contradicts a Judeo-Christian tradition. The religious argument against euthanasia-that it violates the sanctity of life-contradicts the single most powerful premise of the Judeo-Christian tradition: that God gives every person free will. † (Llosa 69) It basically undermines the belief that the spirit outlives the body. These conservatives are putting mercy on the useless body rather than the everlasting soul that is suffering. A few other contradictions: Jews perishing at Masada rather than being enslaved or Christians martyring themselves rather than betray God by bowing to a Roman deity. The death of a terminally ill patient can lift off the pain and the suffering of not only the patient, but the patients family as well. No more do they have to here their wails of pain or seeing them suffer before their eyes, just the simple fact that they know that their loved one is at peace can bring happiness through the whole family. By making a life and death situation, this person is making a choice to help someone left behind. And helping another brings a higher value to a persons own existence. As Minister Kenneth W. Phifer put it, â€Å"To choose death sooner rather than later can be an act of high moral stature. Mere existence is not an absolute value. † (71) Religious conservatives may have their morals and their excuses as to why physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia may seem sinful within their eyes but these statements listed above has contradicted and proven that a person can still have strong religious beliefs, but still can take consider that physician-assisted suicide is still an acceptable way to relieve themselves of suffering a long awaited and painful death even from their own gods eyes. Today, death is more of an urgent issue due to an increase in medical knowledge and technology. Not all pain can be managed though. No one should have the right to force someone to face grievous pain because they think it is more moral. No one should deny anyone the right to end their own life to end their suffering because it does not seem right in their eyes. â€Å"Furthermore, doctors cannot always be healers. Each of us will come to a point in life when no medical treatment will help us, save perhaps to relieve our pain. At that point, when our condition is terminal, what we need more than anything else is intelligent compassion. (Phifer 77) Sometimes what terminal patients need is not medication to ease their physical pain, but sometimes true compassion and knowing of what they are going through. Medication for the soul to soothe their emotional pain, to help them ease into death peacefully. A lot of doctors do this method called the â€Å"double effect† and religious communities support this. What the â€Å"double effect† is, is that it is a principle where doctors prescribe medication for pain even though they know that the level of medication will kill the patient. Even Pope John Paul II approves of the â€Å"double effect†. It is licit to relieve pain by narcotics, even when the result decreased consciousness and a shortening of life. † (Pope John Paul II, The Gospel of Life). A lot of people argue that if physician-assisted suicide were to be made legal, that there would be an increase in suicides among disadvantaged individuals. Well according to the University of Utah, â€Å"legalizing physician-assisted suicide in Oregon and the Netherlands did not result in a disproportionate number of deaths among the elderly, poor, women, minorities, uninsured, minors, chronically ill, less educated or psychiatric patients. (130) The studies showed that within the ten study groups, only the group with AIDS infected people opted for the use of physician-assisted suicide. â€Å"Whereas modern medicine has brought great benefits to humanity, it cannot entirely solve the pain and distress of the dying process. Each person deals with death in their individual way. Which way is determined by their health, their ethics, and personal living conditions. † (Humphry) It just boils down to how the individual reacts to their condition. If a atient is in such unbearable pain and suffering that they want someone to end their life peacefully to relieve their pain, then so be it. No one should have to force their opinion as fact and not allow the patient to do so because of the doctors or familys belief. It all depends on what that one individual wants. It is their life, let them be in control of it. With every group that is for a cause, there is always a group against the cause as well. And when it comes to euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide, things do not change. With a large support group behind these causes comes a large anti-group too. Trudy Chun and Marian Wallace are writers for Concerned Women for America, a conservative, pro-family, pro-life organization. â€Å"The very laws once deigned to protect a persons inalienable right to life now permit the elimination of those deemed unworthy to live. And in the name of compassion, doctors trained to heal and to prolong life are shortening and even snuffing it out altogether. † (Chun, Wallace 41) Doctors swore an oath to keep a patient alive as much and as long as possible no matter what. Killing a patient on purpose goes against everything a doctor stands for, everything a doctor was trained to do. This oath is called the â€Å"Hippocratic Oath† and within this oath a physician must state, â€Å"I will give no deadly medicine, even when asked. † Physicians are healers and the inability of physicians of preventing death does not mean a physician has the right to cause death. Diane Coleman, and executive director of progress Center for Independent Living, which is a nonprofit nonresidential service and advocacy center operated by and for people with disabilities. Coleman was born with a neuromuscular disability since birth, and was given a life expectancy of twelve years. When she outlived this her diagnosis and expectancy changed as well. Within the next few years she began to develop respiratory problems and began to use a breathing machine at night. â€Å"I had two other friends, one in her 20s and one in her 50s, who needed the same thing. But their doctors discouraged them from it, reinforcing their fears, and either didnt know or didnt disclose what the medical journals said would happen as a result. At an early age they each went into respiratory distress, and died within a month from infections. † (Coleman 190) Doctors today are pushing ways in which to end patients lives shorter rather than prolonging their life and treating their problems to the fullest. Seventy percent of Kevorkians â€Å"terminally ill† patients are said to have not even be terminally ill in the first place, meaning that there was still a chance in saving these individuals lives and if physicians would be allowed to kill their patients on their patients will then a treatment that could actually work may never be found. Ira Byock, director and professor of palliative care at Dartmouth Medical School, states that palliative care should be considered instead of assisted suicide. â€Å"Mortality teaches us a lot about life, if we let it. One thing it teaches is that human life in inherently spiritual, whether or not a person has a religion† (Byock 227) What hospice is, is that it is an end-of-life option. It is meant to bring comfort, dignity, and calmness in dealing with a terminally ill patient. It brings a sense of compassion and respect for the dignity of each individual patient on how he or she deals and encounters death. Instead of prematurely ending another persons life instantaneously, It makes sure the patient lives life to the very last comfortably and lovingly. It gives the patient the peace of mind that he or she has been made to feel as comfortable as possible and peace of mind to their loved ones by knowing that such care is taking place. As with the pro side of physician-assisted suicide, religion plays a huge part in the anti portion. The Christian understanding of humanity insists that we are not autonomous creatures that have the right to determine when we shall live and when we shall die† (Mohler 92) Christians believe that it is Gods duty to determine when a body lives and when a body dies and that if the body were to be slain prematurely at the hand of another person intentionally then that soul would be punished. Religion is an extremely important v ariable when it comes to suicide since suicide is seen to be sinful. Christians believe that life has meaning. That life is not just a course, but a gift. Life is all about experiences and experiences includes good things, happiness, compassion, love, but also experiencing â€Å"the bad too† such as pain, and suffering. In all in all religion is a very important factor since most citizens in America are Christians and with the campaign to legalize euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide continues, these supporters must convince these religious conservatives in order to legalize euthanasia and physician-assisted nationally. Again, with every big controversial topic, there will always be a pro side and an anti side. Each group will have their own very good points being made. But the key idea of physician-assisted suicide would not have been made as popular as it is today without the compassionate, influential, and controversial ideas of Dr. Jack Kevorkian. His compassion for seeking out and showing the public the truth of physician-assisted suicide and the goodness it entails is enticing. The amount of court cases he had dodged and accusations he got away from is still remarkable to this day. Though he was known as â€Å"Dr. Death† as portrayed by the media, people who really knew Kevorkian knew that he was a very humble, kind, and passionate old man just trying to help the unfortunate. And even though he has since passed, there are still plenty, upon plenty of people out there to make it their lifes work to make sure that Kevorkians vision of a nation that accepts physician-assisted suicide as a legal and moral practice to do on suffering terminal patients comes true.

Free Essays on Slaying The Minotaur

On Slaying the Minotaur Plato’s â€Å"Phaedo† discusses many human difficulties and attempts to discover ways to overcome such difficulties. The most important deficiency is the human condition the â€Å"Phaedo† deals with concerns death and the continuation of the spirit into an afterlife. The plot centers around Socrates and two of his fourteen students who are present named Cebes and Simmias. Socrates, throughout the dialogue, undertakes a task attempting to deny the time where people are most human, the point of death. Socrates tries to show his students an avenue to salvation through a philosophic life. This essay outlines Socrates arguments attempting to overcome and solve the human fear of a final death. Socrates willingly accepts death, but Cebes and Simmias are unhappy about his death. The two don’t understand death as Socrates does; they are not on his level. Cebes and Simmias worry they will die without the comprehension of death Socrates possesses. They are emotionally attached to Socrates and fear death. Socrates must wean both Simmias and Cebes from their attachment to him and to show them not to fear death. Therefore, Socrates must set an example for not only those two, but also for others who fear death and he declares, â€Å"I should make my defense against these charges just as in the Law of court† (63B). To calm those fears Socrates gives a speech declaring that at death the Soul completely separates from the body. Socrates puts emphasis on the soul because the body is dying; he recognizes the body and raises the soul. To accomplish his mission Socrates employs three arguments, that of contraries and that from recollection, followed by his â€Å"se cond sailing†. In the argument of contraries Socrates states, â€Å"let’s investigate whether it’s necessary for whatever has some contrary to be from no where else but from its own contrary† (70E). He uses the examples of opposites such as little to... Free Essays on Slaying The Minotaur Free Essays on Slaying The Minotaur On Slaying the Minotaur Plato’s â€Å"Phaedo† discusses many human difficulties and attempts to discover ways to overcome such difficulties. The most important deficiency is the human condition the â€Å"Phaedo† deals with concerns death and the continuation of the spirit into an afterlife. The plot centers around Socrates and two of his fourteen students who are present named Cebes and Simmias. Socrates, throughout the dialogue, undertakes a task attempting to deny the time where people are most human, the point of death. Socrates tries to show his students an avenue to salvation through a philosophic life. This essay outlines Socrates arguments attempting to overcome and solve the human fear of a final death. Socrates willingly accepts death, but Cebes and Simmias are unhappy about his death. The two don’t understand death as Socrates does; they are not on his level. Cebes and Simmias worry they will die without the comprehension of death Socrates possesses. They are emotionally attached to Socrates and fear death. Socrates must wean both Simmias and Cebes from their attachment to him and to show them not to fear death. Therefore, Socrates must set an example for not only those two, but also for others who fear death and he declares, â€Å"I should make my defense against these charges just as in the Law of court† (63B). To calm those fears Socrates gives a speech declaring that at death the Soul completely separates from the body. Socrates puts emphasis on the soul because the body is dying; he recognizes the body and raises the soul. To accomplish his mission Socrates employs three arguments, that of contraries and that from recollection, followed by his â€Å"se cond sailing†. In the argument of contraries Socrates states, â€Å"let’s investigate whether it’s necessary for whatever has some contrary to be from no where else but from its own contrary† (70E). He uses the examples of opposites such as little to...