The Value Of Financial Ratio Analysis - 1616 Words

When the economy expands, most industries and companies benefit and grow with it and the reverse is true, that is why it is important for analysts or even individual investors to keep an eye on the economy to determine when it is going to be beneficial for them to invest their money. The economic environment indicators assist these investors in determining the state of the economy. In this paper, I will describe the methods used to assess the macroeconomic environment, discuss the value of financial ratio analysis in the context of common stock investing and compare intrinsic value and market price. Macroeconomic environment Unlike their counterparts during the great depression, financial policymakers today have enormous statistics at†¦show more content†¦Employment indicators The unemployment rate measures the rate at which the economy is operating at full capacity. It also has its roots embedded in the great depression when the rate reached about 25% (rbcpa.com). The unemployment rate is defined as the percentage of unemployed workers in the entire labor force (Bodie, et al, 2011). When people are unemployed the economy loses their contribution in terms of goods and services. The increase in the percentage of unemployed indicates the extent of economic hardship faced by the nation, therefore it is important for policymakers to know the number of unemployed workers in an economy in order to make better decisions in regards to the growth of the economy. Government fiscal and monetary policy Fiscal policy-is the ability of the federal government to increase and decrease its spending, if government spending is zero, there will limited economic growth (Mitchell, 2005). Current government borrowing shifts the burden to future generations to repay debt. An example of how this policy has been used in the past to improve the economy is when the Federal Reserve System lowered its discount rate and in early 2008 Congress passed the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 (govtrack.us). The legislation gave taxpayers a tax rebate in the form of a check up to $600 for single filers, $1200 for married couples filing jointly (cnn.com). The hope was that consumers would take these checks and spend them to help keep the economy movingShow MoreRelatedRatio and Financial Ratio Analyisis1712 Words   |  7 PagesRatio and Financial Statements Analysis Kimberly Y. Gruber University of Maryland University College Dr. Sunando Sengupta 07/25/2013 Turnitin Score: 23% Executive Summary The purpose of this paper is to examine ratio and financial statement analysis. Such analysis is a useful tool for managers and stakeholders to evaluate a company’s financial health in order to identify opportunities for growth and areas of weakness so as to institute corrective measures.   Financial statements are usedRead MoreTools Used in Financial Management625 Words   |  3 PagesThere are wide range of tools used in such as, cost of capital, financial leverage, capital budgeting appraisal methods, ABC analysis, ratio analysis and cash flow statements. (a) Cost of capital Cost of capital is an important element in investment decision or basically in business. It is used to measure the value of investment proposal provided by investment concern. It is used as discount rate in defining the present value of future cash flow which is associated with capital projects. CostRead MoreThe Valve Of Equity Per Common Share1442 Words   |  6 Pagescommon stock per share) Dividend pay-out ratio: (cash dividend )/(net income) It is also important to note that our return on Assets (ROA) could be derived in a way of; profit margin Ãâ€" Assets turnover Ratio = (net income)/(average total assets) =(net income)/saleÃâ€"sales/(average total sales) Classification by Source The classification by source can be divided into three: Income statement or Statement of Comprehensive Income (SOCI) Statement of Financial Position (SOFIP) Mixed (i.e. combinationRead MoreLease967 Words   |  4 PagesConvert WRDS OUTPUT Building a Financial Statement Analysis and Valuation Spreadsheet Income Statement-66 This case starts with raw financial statements and then a) develops standardized financial statements, b) constructs a statement of cash flows, c) builds all the key ratios, d) links forecast inputs to future financial statements, and e) builds discounted cash flow and residual income valuation models based on the forecasts. The result is a simplified version of eVal4, the spreadsheet modelRead MoreI)Explain Standardized Financial Statements Including Why932 Words   |  4 Pagesi) Explain standardized financial statements including why financial statements are standardized. i) Standardized financial statements are standardized because it is difficult to make comparisons between two companies. The company’s size and currency difference could be significantly different and it makes it harder to compare. One way to standardize a financial statement is to use percentages instead of total dollar amounts. This type of change would result in a common-size statement. ThereforeRead MoreTraditional Financial Reporting and its Limitations962 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction In a more general term, financial statement states the details of an organization, entity and business financial activities. It provides information about the financial performance, position as at a given date, changes in financial position, etc., that are useful for economic decision. Some of the information content may include the statement of an entity’s assets (non-current and current), liabilities (short and long time), ownership structure, and statement of income, expenditureRead MoreManagerial Accounting. Qualcomm Incorporated And Broadcom1157 Words   |  5 Pagesthis paper is to compare the financial position of the two companies by using ratio analysis of each company’s financial statements for year ended 2016. Consequently, various financial ratios will be evaluated including: profitability ratios, liquidity ratios, market value ratios, efficiency ratios and solvency ratio. Finally, the paper will evaluate the ratios and identify the best performing compan y between Qualcomm and Broadcom. Financial ratio analysis The financial statements of an organizationRead MoreThe Three Methods of Analysis1006 Words   |  5 PagesRunning Head: Analysis Methods October 4, 2010 The Three Methods of Analysis The process of restating and summarizing data by establishing ratios and trends is known as financial analysis. The analysis is carried on a company s financial as well as income statement. The main objective behind carrying out a financial analysis of a company is to know its current financial position and its returns compared to risks. Financial analysis also helps in future forecasting. Financial analysis has threeRead MoreAccounting Information and Predicting Financial Performance1049 Words   |  5 PagesAccounting Information and Predicting Financial Performance: Accounting information can be useful in order to help predict future performance in the short and long term. It is important to note however that accounting information including accounting ratios show a company’s performance at a period in time. It is historical data. Trends can be identified by comparing data in sequential periods and future forecasts can be determined using historical data. There is no evidence or proof however, thatRead MoreThe Income Statement1199 Words   |  5 PagesLosses (P L) Statement is labelled as Net Income, but if it’s negative, it’s a Net Loss. Balance Sheet or Statement of Financial Position (SOFIP) The balance sheet is also referred to as Statement of Financial Position. The balance sheet reports a company’s assets, liabilities and stockholders’ equity as of a specific date such as January 31st 2016, June 31st 2016 etc. The financial analyst or accountant cost principle and the monetary unit assumption will limit the assets reported on the balance sheet

The Inequality Of The Prison Population Essay - 1429 Words

All of the articles that are discussed throughout this essay stated very similar observations when it came to the demographics of the prison population. They stated that the people who are mostly incarcerated are people of color, predominantly African-American and then Hispanic men. Jennifer Wynn stated that when she visited Rikers Island and was waiting in the waiting room, she was the only white person there (Wynn, 2012). She later found that ninety percent of the inmates were black or Hispanic (Wynn, 2012) and that ninety three percent were male (Wynn, 2012). Although not as large as black men, there has also been an increase of minority women imprisonment. This racial disproportion was not always this way. During World War II, whites consisted of seventy percent of inmates and only thirty percent were identified as â€Å"others† (Martense, 2012). This has been reversed now being that seventy percent of the prison population are black and Hispanic and thirty percent being w hite (Martensen, 2012). According to Martensen, the reason for this is due to the ‘War on Drugs’ which indirectly targets racial minorities. When it was implemented, there was not a drug crisis, however, drug offenses has lead to a major increase in the federal inmate population and state prisoners between 1985 and 2000 (Martensen, 2012). Most of these people come from disadvantaged communities with a lack of opportunities which can lead to criminal behaviors. People who have more power are in theShow MoreRelatedThe Criminal Justice System : An Analysis Of Income And Racial Inequality Essay1586 Words   |  7 PagesRyan Williams English 102 Professor 6 May 2015 The Criminal Justice System: an Analysis of Income and Racial Inequality In the history of civilized communities, one finds that different structures and practices are relevant and necessary to uphold and maintain order within society—hence, the establishment of the criminal justice system. The criminal justice system, according to the Oxford Dictionaries (2010), is defined as â€Å"the system of law enforcement that is directly involved in apprehendingRead MoreCriminal Justice System And The United States1183 Words   |  5 Pages(seemingly petty) crimes— such as missing court dates, a requirement for classes such as anger management, the list goes on. Indeed, the practice of debtor’s prison has long been ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court within the United States, yet a contemporary form of debtor’s prison has begun to take form which targets vulnerable populations. When an individual commits a crime, they are to be justly punished. If this punishment consists of a fine, that fine is expected to be paid accordingly;Read MoreThe Relationship Between African Americans And Incarceration1642 Words   |  7 PagesWhy are the majority of American prisoners African American males? Thesis: Because of racial inequality and a history of social oppression African American males have been treated unequally entering jails/prison at a higher rate than other racial groups The mass incarceration of African Americans has been for years, racially pushed forward. In recent years this crisis of disproportional inequality has reached farther into the African American community affecting education, housing, and healthRead MoreThere Are Many Social And Health Needs Of Prisoners, Some1332 Words   |  6 Pagesthe total population of prison services in the UK was greater than 85,500 people, a quarter of them were serving a sentence that ranged between 1 and 4 years, whilst people on recall and serving a sentence of 1 year or less made up a total of 8% (Parliament. House of Commons, 2017). This has been highlighted as this paper will concentrate on short stay sentences within the prison environment as opposed to determinate or indeterminate sentences which make up the rest of the prison population. The BradleyRead MoreRace, Ethnicity And Gender1660 Words   |  7 Pagestemporarily release from prison or from offender’s sentence. There are three types of parole releases: discretionary release, mandatory and unconditional release. The primary focus will be on discretionary release and what factors come to play when board members make a decision for a parole. There is no definite evidence that there is racism in parole because the results of the studies are complex. However, racial inequality exists throughout the justice system. Racial inequality exists in the processRead MoreMass Incarceration Essay1278 Words   |  6 Pages MASS INCARCERATION The prison population in the United states has increased 500% in thirty years. Since the 1970s social inequality has impacted the American prison system. America has 2.3 million people in prison which is â€Å"five times more than England and twelve times more than Japan.† We want to know why our prison population is growing and what are the core reasons. Has our society caused mass incarceration? Is it based on conflict theory or social stratification? Our research will includeRead MoreRacial Disparities Of Mass Incarceration1572 Words   |  7 Pageschoice because rapid growth in the prison and jail populations, the long sentences the inmates face, and the inability for some inmates to incorporate themselves back into society. Since the 1970’s the U.S. prison population quadrupled from 158 to 635 people per 100,000, causing the U.S. to gain the title of country with the highest incarceration rate. (Massoglia, Firebaugh, Warner, 2013, p. 142; Muller, 2012) As the gr owth of the U.S prison and jail population rapidly increased, so did the growthRead MoreRacial Disparity in Prisons Essay examples1456 Words   |  6 PagesA Look at Racial Disparity in the United States Prison System Micah O’Daniel Institutional Corrections 2/22/11 Racial inequality in the American criminal justice system  has a strong effect of many realms of society such as the family life, and employment. Education and race seem to be the most decisive factors when deciding who goes to jail and what  age cohort  has the greatest percentage chance of incarceration. Going to prison no longer affects just the individual who committed the crimeRead MorePoverty, Immigration, Social Welfare, And Imprisonment, By Robert Crutchfield And David Pettinicchio1161 Words   |  5 PagesThe first article, â€Å"Cultures of Inequality: Ethnicity, Immigration, Social Welfare, and Imprisonment†, uses statistical analysis to discuss how race effects poverty, immigration, and welfare in heterogeneous and homogenous countries. The authors, Robert Crutchfield and David Pettinicchio, present two people that had theories on the culture of poverty. They were Banfield and Murray. President Bill Clinton praised Murray’s analysis by claiming that i t was correct in all areas, but that his resolutionsRead MoreThe Prison System Of America1052 Words   |  5 PagesThe â€Å"Prison Industrial Complex† was a term that was used by anti-prison activist within the prison abolishment movement to argue the attendant interest of prison industrialization, and t development of a minority prison labor force (Davis, 2003). This giant prison enterprise is an essential component of the U.S. economy, and has as its purposes such as profit, social control, and an interweaving of private business and government. These giant financial institutions recognized that prison building

Review of Reading Eggs for Children Ages 4 to 8

Reading Eggs is an interactive online program intended for children ages 4-8 and designed to teach children how to read or to build on existing reading skills. The program was originally developed in Australia by Blake Publishing but brought to schools in the United States by the same company that developed Study Island, Archipelago Learning. The premise behind Reading Eggs is to engage students in a fun, interactive program that initially builds a foundation for learning to read and eventually guides them towards reading to learn. The lessons found in Reading Eggs are designed to tie into the five pillars of reading instruction. The five pillars of reading instruction include phonemic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. Each of these components is necessary for children to master if they are going to be expert readers. Reading Eggs provides an alternative avenue for students to master these concepts. This program is not intended to replace traditional classroom instruction, instead, it is a supplemental tool in which students can hone and build the skills which they are being taught at school. There are 120 total lessons found in the Reading Eggs program. Each lesson builds on a concept taught in the previous lesson. Each lesson has between six and ten activities that students will complete to master the overall lesson. Lessons 1 through 40 are designed for students who have very little reading skills. Children will learn their first reading skills at this level including sounds and names of the alphabet letters, reading sight words, and learning essential phonics skills. Lessons 41 through 80 will build on those skills previously learned. Children will learn more high-frequency sight words, build word families, and read both fiction and nonfiction books designed to build their vocabulary. Lessons 81 through 120 continue to build on previous skills and will provide activities for children to read for meaning, comprehension, and to continue to increase vocabulary. Here are some key components of Reading Eggs. Its Teacher/Parent-Friendly Reading Eggs is easy to add a single student or a whole class.Reading Eggs has terrific reporting that makes it easy to monitor individual student or whole class progress.Reading Eggs provides teachers with a downloadable letter to send home to parents. The letter explains what Reading Eggs is and provides login information for students to work on the program at home at no additional cost. It also provides parents with the opportunity to have an account to track their child’s progress at no additional cost.Reading Eggs provides teachers with a comprehensive user guide as well as toolkit loaded with books, lesson plans, resources, and activities. The teacher toolkit has several books and activities that they can use in conjunction with their Smart Board to interactively teach lessons to the whole class. Its Instructional With Diagnostic Components Reading Eggs provides teachers and parents with the opportunity to assign specific lessons to students. For example, if a kindergarten teacher is teaching the letter â€Å"K†, the teacher can go in and assign the lesson over the letter â€Å"K† to all of the students to reinforce that concept.Reading Eggs also provides teachers and parents with the option of giving each child a diagnostic placement test. This test consists of forty questions. When the child misses three questions, then the program assigns them to the appropriate lesson that corresponds to how they did on the placement test. This allows students to skip past concepts which they have already mastered and places them at the level in the program where they should be.Reading Eggs allows teachers and parents to reset a student’s progress at any time in the program. Its Fun and Interactive Reading Eggs has kid friendly themes, animations, and songs.Reading Eggs allows users to create and personalize their own unique avatar.Reading Eggs provides users with motivation by providing incentives and rewards. Each time they complete an activity, they are rewarded with golden eggs. Their eggs are kept in their â€Å"eggy bank† which they can use to buy reward games, clothes for their avatar, or accessories for their house. In addition, when a user completes a lesson they earn an animated â€Å"critter†, which they collect as they go through the program.Reading Egg lessons are set up similar to a board game where you move from stepping stone to another by completing an activity. Once you have completed each activity, then you have completed that lesson and get to move on to the next lesson. Reading Eggs Is Comprehensive Reading Eggs has hundreds of extra learning activities and games aside from those in the standard 120 reading lessons.The Playroom is loaded with over 120 learning activities covering a wide range of topics ranging from letter reinforcement to art.My World allows students to visit eight destinations loaded with fun, interactive activities.Story Factory allows students to write and build their own stories and then enter them into a weekly story writing competition.Puzzle Park gives students a chance to earn some more Golden Eggs by completing word puzzles and practicing sight word recognition.The Arcade is a place where students can use their earned Golden Eggs to play much fun, interactive reading games.Driving Tests contains assessments covering sights words, phonics skills, and content area vocabulary. If a student satisfactorily completes a test, they are rewarded a racing car game which they can play to earn more golden eggs.Skills Bank is designed to build a student’s ski lls in spelling, vocabulary, grammar, and punctuation.Music Cafà © allows students to access and play their favorite songs that hear within a lesson. Its Structured Reading Eggs provides students with a comprehensive dashboard located on the left of their screen. This dashboard keeps track of which lesson they are on, how many golden eggs they have earned, and allows them access to their stuff and all the other places they can go to the program.Reading Eggs forces students into order by padlocking activities. You must complete activity one to open activity two.Reading Eggs also locks components such as My World, Puzzle Park, the Arcade, Driving Tests, Skills Bank until a user has mastered the appropriate number of lessons to have developed the skills necessary to use those components. Research on Reading Eggs Reading Eggs has been proven to be an effective tool for children to learn how to read. A study was conducted in 2010 that paralleled the features and components of the Reading Eggs program to essential elements that students must comprehend and possess to be able to read. Reading Eggs uses a variety of effective, research-based learning activities that motivate students to successfully complete the program. The web-based design features those components that have been proven to be highly effective in getting children to be high functioning readers. Overall Impression Reading Eggs is an exceptional early literacy program for parents of young children as well as schools and classroom teachers. Children love using technology and they love to get rewards and this program combines both of them effectively. In addition, the research-based program successfully incorporates the five pillars of reading. You may feel concerned if you think young children may be overwhelmed by the program, but the tutorial in the help section was terrific. Overall, Reading Eggs deserves five out of five stars, because it is a wonderful teaching tool that children will want to spend hours using.

President Barak Obama - 1298 Words

In November 2008, Democratic Presidential Candidate Barak Obama became the first African-American President to the United States. He had coined the word â€Å"change† to his first campaign, insuring Americans that if he were elected there would be â€Å"change†. Through two-terms the Obama Administration has demonstrated the most controversial change of all, the passage of the Affordable Care Act, a health reform law enacted in March of 2010. With many flaws evident in the roll out of the Affordable Care Act, we can now question should the President and Congress repeal it and start over from scratch, as many GOP members and critics have suggested; or should all parties attempt to fix the evident flaws through bi-partisan negotiation and action Many Americans are uncertain about what exactly the Affordable Care Act is. The Affordable Care Act is the nation’s latest health care reform law. It was enacted in March of 2010. It is composed of two pieces of legislation. The first piece of legislation is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care act; also referred to as PPACA. The second is the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act or HCERA. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act has a specific agenda and is ideally supposed to provide the following: Access to comprehensive coverage to all, prohibit restrictions due to pre-existing conditions or health status, ensure affordable coverage, and strengthen public programs. The PPACA prohibits insures from limiting eligibilityShow MoreRelatedThe Presidency Of 44th Us President Barak Obama1454 Words   |  6 PagesThe presidency of 44th US President Barak Obama has been marked with rather prominent and significant shifts in policy, reverberating throughout many areas of the country. One of the president’s most controversial proposals that has yet to be fully acted upon is providing a pathway to citizenship for undocumented immigrants currently living in the United States. Supporters of the legislation point to a variety of moral and economic reasons to justify their position while opponents retaliate withRead MoreThe Changing World. Former President Barak Obama Said ‘Denying1522 Words   |  7 PagesThe Changing World Former president Barak Obama said ‘Denying climate change is like arguing that the moon is made of cheese’ (â€Å"News†). He provides an exact opinion on Climate change that it is not a theory; it is a fact. Every year is becoming warmer than the previous one which ultimately changes our way of living. People living in coastal area are experiencing more floods than ever before and others are facing health related problems. Glaciers and snowcapped mountains are melting, which leadsRead MoreThe Life of a Leader, Barack Obama Essay919 Words   |  4 Pagesis educated and embodies the ability to assess the other groups skills and talents in order to utilize them to accomplish a goal. Barack Obama was the first black senator for the state of Illinois. Barak was also the first black United States President. Barak made a healthcare program that has been modified to include more people it is called Obamacare. Obama is a good leader because he is persuasive and a diligen t worker. As a leader he does many things which include visiting foreign countriesRead MoreWhy Female Can Not Be President Of Theu.s?826 Words   |  4 PagesTitleThesis : There is no reason why female cannot be president of the U.S anymore. Have you ever thought a female can be president of the U.S? If you think the female can t be president of the U.S, which stereotypes or thoughts make you think about that? The answer is maybe a barrier. The barrier can be a wall which the female has or is a fixed idea to exist in the U.S. The world is changing constantly and the barrier about female is also changing in the U.S. For many years, the AmericansRead MoreThe Inequality Of The United States1539 Words   |  7 Pagesfinancial aid by the government does help the middle class students to acquire good quality education, but this is not enough as the wealthy can get what they want even if they possess lesser prospects. According to the presidential address by President Obama, the founders of the great nation rejoiced on the fact that America will be a country where hard work will be paid off and where responsibility will be rewarded. America will be a country where anyone can make it if they tried no matter what background;Read MoreSpeech, Speaking, And Listening1198 Words   |  5 Pagesartists are encouraged to use many. It is important for politicians to maintain one voice. Zadie Smith proves this is important in her lecture â€Å"Speaking in Tongues†. She talks about the President, Barak Obama, and how a difference in his voice could raise questions of concern. In one speech, Zadie praises Obama. â€Å"†¦and it can be argued that he succeeded because he so rarely misspoke, carefully tailoring his intonations to suit the sensibility of his listeners.† From this quote it is clear that ZadieRead MoreEssay On How To Change A President811 Words   |  4 Pageshow long a president is able to be in office. The 22nd amendment states that no president should be president for longer than two terms, which allows them to be a United States president for eight years. I would change this and make it where a president could be president for however long the American people reelect them in. I feel that if a president could serve with no restrictions, the president would be able to carry out m ore of the changes they promised Americans, the president will be ableRead MoreNegritude Positive?1108 Words   |  5 Pagesstated Barak Obama, the first black American president. Therefore it’s not our racial identity holding us back, it’s us holding ourselves back! I somewhat agree and disagree with the argument made by the opposition. I agree that we shouldn’t blame racial identification for holding us back, but blame ourselves for not being determined and hard working. I disagree with the opposition stating that equality between the races will never happen. They once said a black man would never be president, lookRead MorePopulation Of The United States946 Words   |  4 Pagesthree institutions; Legislature, Judiciary, and the President. Each institution plays different roles in the political regime of the US. The Judiciary institution that is led by the US Supreme Court has the ability to interpret the Constitution. The Presidency which is comprised of the US President is known as the Head of State, the Head of Government, and Commander in Chief of the US military. The Presidential term is four years and a president can serve a max of two terms. In 2008, The United StatesRead MoreLeadership As A Charismatic Leader1541 Words   |  7 Pagesoffice of the President of the United States and renowned Civil Rights Leaders. The Christian Worldview is shared that good leadership is defined one’s relationship with God and how we treat one another. It provides information about biblical leadership such as David, Jesus, and Paul whose leadership approach is charismatic and remains effective today in many churches. It further talks about the charismatic approaches of men like Martin Luther King Jr. and John F. Kennedy, Barak Obama who swept the

Containerization Cargo and Traditional Bulk Transport Free Essays

What is containerization and how did the innovative use of containers transform the distribution of goods? The traditional way of transporting goods from one place to another was highly labor intensive and goods were in individual crates of different sizes and shapes and they had to be manually lifted and stowed in the holds of ships. As the time passed by, the concept of containerization emerged. Basically, Containerization is an inter-modal system of transporting the general cargo or product in lots which are too small for the traditional bulk transport system, using ISO standard containers that can be loaded and sealed intact onto  container ships,  railroad cars, planes, and trucks. We will write a custom essay sample on Containerization: Cargo and Traditional Bulk Transport or any similar topic only for you Order Now The concept of containerization is considered as the key innovation in the field of logistics which has revolutionized freight handling in the twentieth century. Containerization reduces time in transit, the inventory costs and increases reliability. Such benefits are forcing the industry to make it more favorable in terms of cost, flexibility and speed. As the Internet and other new technologies and advancements are developing, it is expected to bring more innovations which will further simplify the tasks of logistics. The innovative use of containerization has transformed the distribution of goods in following ways: * Goods in lots which are too small for the traditional bulk transport can be moved using containers * It is best option for high-value and delicate cargo as it provides safety from human and natural factors * As containers are moved intact, substantial amount of time and labor cost is saved which would otherwise have incurred in loading and unloading goods * It prevents poor handling of goods that results from bulk transport systems * Containers can act as mode of storage anywhere along the transport route * Container ships provide regular service to overseas ports, thus it minimizes the waiting time * It reduces the transit time which not only offers a means of marketing for the producer that bulk systems cannot provide, but also helps to reduce the inventory costs and increases reliability. 2. What role has containerization played in the development of a global economic system? As c ontainerization is the new way of transportation model, it’s definitely is more advanced and optimum way of shipping the goods from one place to the other. Container shipping eventually replaced the traditional â€Å"break-bulk† method of handling crates, barrels and bags, and stowing them loose in a ship’s hold, a system in use since the days of the Phoenicians. The replacement of break-bulk with cargo containers dramatically reduced shipping costs, reinvigorating markets and fueling the world economy. Due to cheap transportation cost, the countries could engage themselves in a fierce export drive exploiting the technological advancements and lower labor costs which are the major basis for the industrialization. In addition to that, cheap transportation also helped in revolutionizing the supply chain management of the business houses. There had been some major developments like South Korea developed a very strong ship building industry centered on the new ships made possible in the development and introduction of containerization. And also, the major and biggest container ports in the world are located in Southeast Asia. Thus, the credit for the development of such ports in these areas goes to the containerization. Without which, these areas wouldn’t have been developed like they are today. Containerization makes the loading and unloading of goods from the ships to the ports easy and consumes extremely less time in comparison to that of tradition way of transportation. These are some of the major roles that containerization played in the development of the global economic system. How to cite Containerization: Cargo and Traditional Bulk Transport, Papers

Containerization Cargo and Traditional Bulk Transport Free Essays

What is containerization and how did the innovative use of containers transform the distribution of goods? The traditional way of transporting goods from one place to another was highly labor intensive and goods were in individual crates of different sizes and shapes and they had to be manually lifted and stowed in the holds of ships. As the time passed by, the concept of containerization emerged. Basically, Containerization is an inter-modal system of transporting the general cargo or product in lots which are too small for the traditional bulk transport system, using ISO standard containers that can be loaded and sealed intact onto  container ships,  railroad cars, planes, and trucks. We will write a custom essay sample on Containerization: Cargo and Traditional Bulk Transport or any similar topic only for you Order Now The concept of containerization is considered as the key innovation in the field of logistics which has revolutionized freight handling in the twentieth century. Containerization reduces time in transit, the inventory costs and increases reliability. Such benefits are forcing the industry to make it more favorable in terms of cost, flexibility and speed. As the Internet and other new technologies and advancements are developing, it is expected to bring more innovations which will further simplify the tasks of logistics. The innovative use of containerization has transformed the distribution of goods in following ways: * Goods in lots which are too small for the traditional bulk transport can be moved using containers * It is best option for high-value and delicate cargo as it provides safety from human and natural factors * As containers are moved intact, substantial amount of time and labor cost is saved which would otherwise have incurred in loading and unloading goods * It prevents poor handling of goods that results from bulk transport systems * Containers can act as mode of storage anywhere along the transport route * Container ships provide regular service to overseas ports, thus it minimizes the waiting time * It reduces the transit time which not only offers a means of marketing for the producer that bulk systems cannot provide, but also helps to reduce the inventory costs and increases reliability. 2. What role has containerization played in the development of a global economic system? As c ontainerization is the new way of transportation model, it’s definitely is more advanced and optimum way of shipping the goods from one place to the other. Container shipping eventually replaced the traditional â€Å"break-bulk† method of handling crates, barrels and bags, and stowing them loose in a ship’s hold, a system in use since the days of the Phoenicians. The replacement of break-bulk with cargo containers dramatically reduced shipping costs, reinvigorating markets and fueling the world economy. Due to cheap transportation cost, the countries could engage themselves in a fierce export drive exploiting the technological advancements and lower labor costs which are the major basis for the industrialization. In addition to that, cheap transportation also helped in revolutionizing the supply chain management of the business houses. There had been some major developments like South Korea developed a very strong ship building industry centered on the new ships made possible in the development and introduction of containerization. And also, the major and biggest container ports in the world are located in Southeast Asia. Thus, the credit for the development of such ports in these areas goes to the containerization. Without which, these areas wouldn’t have been developed like they are today. Containerization makes the loading and unloading of goods from the ships to the ports easy and consumes extremely less time in comparison to that of tradition way of transportation. These are some of the major roles that containerization played in the development of the global economic system. How to cite Containerization: Cargo and Traditional Bulk Transport, Papers

Desplomarse free essay sample

I hold little more sacred than words. They are the blood of my life; yet I did not fall in love with them because â€Å"they mean something.† It is their vitality which seduced me. The way â€Å"correr† and â€Å"joy† use the tongue as a ski jump. It is their history and formation of syllables. How the word â€Å"aphrodisiac† wouldn’t be here if not for that goddess born of sea-foam. My favorite word, desplomarse, is Spanish for my least favorite meaning, â€Å"to collapse.† But taken literally, much of the word’s art will be lost; the history condensed to four syllables. Desplomarse was born from Latin explorers who first named lead â€Å"plumbum† and in its journey towards meaning, ventured into the Mediterranean. Sailors, amidst the spraying surf, would tie lead to a line and let it plummet straight through the water; the antiquated manner for measuring depth. Decades passed and over in the land of the English, the word â€Å"plumb† became a technical term for engineers to describe a straight line. We will write a custom essay sample on Desplomarse or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Then these fermenting syllables returned to Europe, to Spain, and with the negative prefix, â€Å"des,† and the reflexive suffix â€Å"se,† the word meaning to â€Å"un-straighten oneself,† reached adulthood. Now the point of this mini-etymology lesson? Desplomarse only exists because of the English and Latin languages. It serves as a blatant testimony of how languages are not separate entities. Although I love the word’s sound and its history, most of all, I love how it suggests maybe the Tower of Babble never existed. Maybe a monolingual tongue is all there is just with a more expansive vocabulary.

Project Management for Personal Learning Portfolio- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theProject Management for Personal Learning Portfolio. Answer: Mike Fritz, the director of program/project management at Megatronic has adopted a different approach in defining the concepts of programs and projects for the organization. The approach is totally different from the conventional approach that is used for defining the two concepts. The approach adopted by Mike is good to a great extent. He has simply categorized the programs and projects on the basis of their contribution to the companys business. According to Mike, any activity that is targeted towards the production of the new product in the market is to be treated as a program, whereas any activity other than the program, that is, which does not lead to the production of new products is to be categorized under project head. This is a simple and effective definition of the concepts provided by Mike. It becomes easier for the company's employees to quickly determine whether an activity is a program or project. The concept of bounding box to explain the elements of the program is yet again an effective tool to make the program and project managers understand the significance of association of stakeholders and sponsors in a program (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). However, for any person who has worked somewhere else and where the conventional definition of project and program was used, it might be difficult for him to grasp the new definitions. It might be confusing for him due to his earlier understanding and way of doing work in the project and program management department. The current approach adopted by the company in explaining and differentiating between projects and programs is quite effective. It has clearly laid out the differences in terms of importance, their definition, the elements that are to be considered, alignment with the strategy, the significance of milestones, and other factors (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). The director of program/project management has even explained different aspects of projects and programs by giving examples to new project manager. It has even differentiated the terms on the basis of the autonomy that is being provided to the project managers and program managers. The project managers are simply to get the required outcomes for a project within the time, cost and performance constraints. This is due to the fact that it is a part of the cost center and would not directly contribute to generating revenues for the company. However, the expectations from a program manager are higher, the program is expected to be completed considering the elements specified in the bounding box, the company can afford to sacrifice the scope and cost of the project, but not these elements. The nature of the success accomplished on the completion of programs and projects have also been effectively explained in the differentiation. The success of programs is considered to be important as it is actually a business success which is likely to bring more revenues for the company. This also gives it a priority in getting the resources and budgets allocation (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). Moreover, many of the basis of differences is similar to the conventional point of differences, making this approach more agreeable. The approach adopted by the company for differentiation is wholesome and does not require any changes at least in the case of Megatronics. Portfolio Entry 2 Program Initiation James should select Early Birds, Ltd offer for installing the fire extinguishing systems. There are four concerns that James has to consider while placing the order, namely- total cost of an extinguisher, including installation cost, purchase cost, and maintenance cost, the safety features, ease of use, and ease of maintenance. The costing for the offer made by each company has been computed below: Particulars Fire Extinguisher Early Birds, Ltd. Xtra Care, Ltd Zebra Limited Pieces to be ordered (Total area/Spraying area) 200 80 100 40 A. Total Purchase cost 17,000 13,600 11,500 97,200 B. Total Installation cost 0 0 400 0 C. Total Maintenance Cost (Number of Pieces*per unit cost) 600 550 300 0 Total (A+B+C) 17,600 14,150 12,200 97,200 From the computation made above, it is apparent that the offer made by Xtra Care, Ltd is the optimal solution for the company, Mega security, followed by Early Birds, Ltd, Fire Extinguisher, and Zebra Limited. However, the project manager is required to consider the other factors also which includes the safety features, convenience to use, and maintenance. The safety features of the solutions offered are not provided for which it is assumed that all the fire extinguishing systems are safe while using the new premises. It is observed that the system by Xtra Care, Ltd is very difficult to use which rules out the option even if its costing is the lowest. Fire Extinguishers provides an easy option of using its system but with a higher total cost in comparison to Early Birds, Ltd (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). In the context of maintenance cost, even though the cost would be a slightly higher in the upcoming years (605) for Early Birds, Ltd, the offer made by the company should be selected as the total cost is low, the system has a moderate degree of ease to use, and is safe for the installation. James can further negotiate the costs as Mega Security already has business relations with Early Birds, Ltd. Moreover, it would be delivered and installed with 30 days as a delivery lead time. Therefore, considering all the factors, it is suggested that James should opt for the offer made by Early Birds, Ltd. From a program perspective, this issue of selecting the best offer of fire extinguishing systems for Mega Security is likely to have a long-term impact on the entire organization (Springer, 2016). The primary base for taking this decision is to cater to the needs of all the departments in the company and ensure that the investment made by the company in the systems is profitable. It is advised that while taking any decision where different options are available, the managers are required to consider the major factors that can be the deal breakers. The managers need to prioritize the factors, on the basis of which the decisions are to be taken. The managers should make a log where all the considerations, alternative solutions, their costing and other essential factors should be recorded (Verzuh, 2015). This would help the management in making a comparison as to which alternative is serving the maximum considerations and would be most profitable for the company. Portfolio Entry 3 Program Stakeholder Engagement The case deals with the decision regarding the adoption of new TKS program for General Public Hospital (GPH). The company has to adopt new TKS program as the existing vendor for TKS sold his business to someone else. A new proposal has been presented by Julia Skown and her team which provides an estimated cost of the program as one million dollars and an estimated schedule of eighteen months (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). However, with further research, her team came with an additional feature of new transaction inquiry feature. Incorporating the new feature is likely to further increase the cost of the project by $100,000 and delay in the installation of the TKS program by two months. The core values of the company revolve around providing quality products and services to its customers and focusing on the customers. It is advised that the executive team of the company should take the decision of implementing the new TKS program incorporating the new feature. Even though, the new feature would add to the cost and schedule of the program, but it would ensure more accuracy and better quality to the different customers (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). Adoption of this advanced and improved TKS program would also bring other benefits for the company. This program is one of the advanced programs that the company would employ if decided. The new program with the transaction inquiry feature would have an advantage over the previously implemented TSK programs in terms of scheduling capability, reporting capability, robustness and various other additional features. From the viewpoint of the cost involved, as the program is a new generation product, it is likely to increase the efficiencies, which in turn, would decrease the part-time employees. It would be a user-friendly interface, which the customers can easily access (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). Although it would be difficult for the management of the company to announce the decision of implementing the new program and convincing the customers for the delay in schedule, it is likely that the benefits that the customer would get with the usage of TSK program would outweigh the issues and resistance on the part of customers. It is, therefore, recommended that the executive team should take the decision for adopting the new feature in the TSK program and implement it in the organization. Portfolio Entry 4 Program Governance The concept of program strike zone relates to the implementation of a tool that is used by the managers in determining the progress of a program towards the accomplishment of expected results. This is done by identifying the key factors that are essential for the success of a program (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). In terms of benefits, the program strike zone serves as an effective management and communication tool that enables the project managers to keep the project aligned with the projects goals and objectives throughout its lifecycle. It ensures that there is a proper and relevant flow of information between the executive management and the project team so that there is no surprise behavior and the contingencies are minimized (Milosevic, Martinelli Waddell, 2009). With the proper flow of information, the results indicate that the barriers and critical issues which may cause a delay in resolution and decision-making are eliminated. A program manager can identify at any point whether a program is aligned to the overall goals and objectives or not, if any misalignment is found, the manager can stop a program. Adopting the program strike zone brings a lot of advantages for the program managers and the organization for which it is implemented. The program strike zone makes use of the graphs and basic factors for indicating the progress of a program. It holds a high visual appeal and is simple in use, thereby making it user-friendly. It is flexible in terms of usage and is therefore considered as an effective control and management tool by both the program managers and senior managers (Milosevic, Martinelli Waddell, 2009). It is useful in bridging the gaps and differences that may arise in the program planning, strategic planning efforts and its execution within an organizational setting. It helps the program and senior managers to focus only on the key factors that are essential and would result in the success of the program. One of the most important advantages of program strike zone is that it allows an autonomy to the project team, especially the program managers to get the desired results. So far the results are achieved, the senior managers do not interfere with the working and management of the project; only the issues which are significant or are beyond the control of the team are brought to the notice of the senior management. It helps in setting the boundaries within which the team would work without the involvement of senior management (Milosevic, Martinelli Waddell, 2009). However, there are certain disadvantages of this program also. For example- non-involvement of the senior managers can make the project team lose their focus on the project. There are chances that if the project manager is not capable and competent, it would be a wastage of the organizational resources and efforts. Moreover, if the program strike zone includes too many critical factors that define success, it is likely that it loses its simplicity. From the perspective of program governance, the senior management may face challenges while implementing the program strike zone. Firstly, it is necessary that the boundaries and structure set by the program strike management meet with the processes and practices of the business. However, these processes are dynamic and require a constant change which makes it difficult to make changes in the program strike zone. Secondly, one of the major components of program governance is people who take up different roles in a program (Hanford, 2005). If such people are not skilled or competent, the zone system would not work. Program Theory In the practical scenario, even if it is difficult to clearly differentiate between programs and projects, the program management is considered to be a larger and scaled up form of project management. The programs are considered to cover those elements which are beyond the scope of individual projects consisted in a program. The statement mentioned above can be held true to a great extent. Program management is a wider concept in comparison to the project management. It includes management of a series of projects that are undertaken in an organization with a certain set of objectives that vary in the scope and scale (Milosevic, Patanakul Srivannaboon, 2010). It is basically management and control of a portfolio of multiple projects. It has a greater span in the project lifecycle, that is, it is an ongoing process that takes place in an organization. Usually, the project management has a shorter duration in comparison to the programs; each project is likely to have a fixed deadline by which it is deemed to be completed, which is not in the case of programs (Levin Ward, 2016). The program management requires strategic planning on the behalf of the senior managers and the project managers for setting the objectives and the course for achieving such objectives. Under the project management, the results of programs are linked to the organizations financial calendar. For example- the results of the programs are to be disclosed in the quarterly performances of the company. The projects are for a shorter duration and results of a single project are not likely to have an impact on the overall financial performance of the company. However, if these projects are combined in form of programs, it becomes significant for the organizations financial performance. Program management is a scaled up version of the project management and is governance intensive. As the results of programs are likely to impact the long-term financial performance of the company, they are usually governed by the senior management (Martinelli, Waddell Rahschulte, 2014). The senior managers are responsible for providing direction, objectives, overseeing the performance, and controlling the programs, which may not have been possible if individual projects were considered. The program managers ensure that the objectives framed by the senior board are achievable and any disputes occurring during the course of different programs are resolved. It allows the projects to be more governance intensive by being a part of the program management. As a program is a portfolio of different projects, its management, control, and budgeting become complex processes. The project management is concerned with revenues and costs which are crucial for the financial results of a company, making its management a difficult task (Sanghera, 2008). Moreover, the program management is governed and driven by the overall strategy of the company. Any changes in the market conditions, external environment, or the revision of business goals require changes to be incorporated in the program management process. Due to its large scale and wider scope, any changes that are proposed to be made requires executive leadership skills on the part of program managers as these changes would have to be made in individual projects also. Thus, it is appropriate to say that the program management is a scaled up form of the project management. References Hanford, M. (2005). Defining program governance and structure. Retrieved October 6, 2017, from https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/apr05/hanford/ Levin, G., Ward, J. L. (2016). Program Management Complexity: A Competency Model. Boca Raton: CRC Press. Martinelli, R. J., Waddell, J. M., Rahschulte, T. J. (2014). Program Management for Improved Business Results. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Milosevic, D. Z., Martinelli, R. J., Waddell, J. M. (2009). Program Management for Improved Business Results. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Milosevic, D., Patanakul, P., Srivannaboon, S. (2010). Case studies in project, program, and organizational project management. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Sanghera, P. (2008). Fundamentals of Effective Program Management: A Process Approach Based on the Global Standard. New York: J. Ross Publishing. Springer, M. L. (2016). Project and Program Management: A Competency-Based Approach, Third Edition. West Lafayette: Purdue University Press. Verzuh, E. (2015). The Fast Forward MBA in Project Management. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons.